Seminars in Oncology
Volume 29, Issue 2 , Pages 160-167 , April 2002

Locoregional immuno(bio)therapy for liver metastases

References 

  1. Lygidakis NJ, Stringaris K, Kokinis K, et al.  Locoregional chemotherapy versus locoregional combined immuno-chemotherapy for patients with advanced metastatic liver disease of colorectal origin: A prospective randomized study. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996;43:212–220
  2. Okuno K, Kaneda K, Yasutomi M. Regional IL-2-based immunochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999;46:1263–1267
  3. Okino T, Kan N, Nakanishi M, et al.  The therapeutic effect of OK-432-combined adoptive immunotherapy against liver metastases from breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1990;116:197–202
  4. Libutti SK, Bartlett DL, Fraker DL, et al.  Technique and results of hyperthermic isolated hepatic perfusion with tumor necrosis factor and melphalan for the treatment of unresectable hepatic malignancies. J Am Coll Surg. 2000;191:519–530
  5. Malter M, Friedrich E, Suss R. Liver as a tumor cell killing organ: Kupffer cells and natural killers. Cancer Res. 1986;46:3055–3060
  6. Seki S, Abo T, Masuda T, et al.  Identification of activated T cell receptor γδ lymphocytes in the liver of tumor-bearing hosts. J Clin Invest. 1990;86:409–416
  7. Bouwens L, Marinelli A, Kuppen PJ, et al.  Electron microscopic observations on the accumulation of large granular lymphocytes (pit cells) and Kupffer cells in the liver of rats treated with continuous infusion of interleukin-2. Hepatology. 1990;12:1365–1370
  8. Bouwens L, Jacobs R, Remels L, et al.  Natural cytotoxicity of rat hepatic natural killer cells and macrophages against a syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1988;27:137–141
  9. Gennari L. Liver metastases: A many-sided therapeutical problem. Hepatogastroenterology. 1992;39:5–9
  10. Hohenberger P, Schlag P, Schwarz V, et al.  Tumor recurrence and options for further treatment after resection of liver metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 1990;44:245–251
  11. Bozetti F, Bignami P, Morabito A, et al.  Patterns of failure following surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Ann Surg. 1987;205:264–269
  12. Patel K, Sullivan K, Aoyama T, et al.  Hepatic artery chemoembolization (HAC) with BCNU for treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2001;20:356; (abstr)
  13. Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Muul LM, et al.  A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin-2 or high-dose interleukin-2 alone. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:889–987
  14. Boura P, Kountouras J, Lygidakis NJ, et al.  Transplenic and transtumoral in vivo immunostimulation: Effect on cellular immunity parameters. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999;46:799–803
  15. Okuno K, Shigeoka H, Lee Y-S, et al.  Adjuvant hepatic arterial IL-2 and MMC, 5-FU after curative resection of colorectal liver metastases. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996;43:688–691
  16. Lygidakis NJ, Ziras N, Parissis J. Resection versus resection combined with adjuvant pre- and post-operative chemotherapy-immunotherapy for metastatic colorectal liver cancer. A new look at an old problem. Hepatogastroenterology. 1995;42:155–161
  17. Bartlett DL, Libutti SK, Figg WD, et al.  Isolated hepatic perfusion for unresectable hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Surgery. 2001;129:176–187
  18. Alexander HR, Libutti SK, Bartlett DL, et al.  A phase I-II study of isolated hepatic perfusion using melphalan with or without tumor necrosis factor for patients with ocular melanoma metastatic to liver. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:3062–3070
  19. Maguire HC, Ettore VL. Enhancement of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) contact sensitization by cyclophosphamide in the guinea pig. J Invest Dermatol. 1967;48:39–42
  20. Okuno K, Kobayashi S, Jinnai H, et al.  IL-2 perfusion to the liver augments the hepatic extraction rate of accompanying anticancer drugs. Surg Today. 1996;26:662–664
  21. Micheau O, Solary E, Hammann A, et al.  Sensitization of cancer cells treated with cytotoxic drugs to Fas-mediated cytotoxicity. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:783–789
  22. Patt YZ, Wallace S, Hersh EM, et al.  Hepatic arterial infusion of Corynebacterium parvum and chemotherapy. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1978;147:897–902
  23. Lans TE, Bartlett DL, Libutti SK, et al.  Role of tumor necrosis factor on toxicity and cytokine production after isolated hepatic perfusion. Clin Cancer Res. 2001;7:784–790
  24. Mazumder A, Eberlein TJ, Grimm EA, et al.  Phase I study of the adoptive immunotherapy of human cancer with lectin activated autologous mononuclear cells. Cancer. 1984;53:896–905
  25. Kradin RL, Kurnick JT, Lazarus DS, et al.  Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and interleukin-2 in treatment of advanced cancer. Lancet. 1989;1:577–580
  26. Takayama T, Makuuchi M, Sekine T, et al.  Distribution and therapeutic effect of intraarterially transferred tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in hepatic malignancies. A preliminary report. Cancer. 1991;68:2391–2396
  27. Matsuhashi N, Moriyama T, Nakamura I, et al.  Adoptive immunotherapy of primary and metastatic liver cancer via hepatic artery catheter. Eur J Cancer. 1990;26:1106–1107
  28. Kobari M, Egawa S, Shibuya K, et al.  Effect of intraportal adoptive immunotherapy on liver metastases after resection of pancreatic cancer. Br J Surg. 2000;87:43–48
  29. Keiholz U, Scheibenbogen C, Brado M, et al.  Regional adoptive immunotherapy with interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells for liver metastases. Eur J Cancer. 1994;30A:103–105
  30. Komatsu T, Yamauchi K, Furukawa T, et al.  Transcatheter arterial injection of autologous lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells into patients with liver cancers. J Clin Immunol. 1990;10:167–174
  31. Hennemann B, Scheibenbogen C, Schumichen C, et al.  Intrahepatic adoptive immunotherapy with autologous tumorcytotoxic macrophages in patients with cancer. J Immunother. 1995;18:19–27
  32. Satoh K, Kan N, Okino T, et al.  The therapeutic effect of OK-432-combined adoptive immunotherapy against liver metastases from gastric and colorectal cancers. Biotherapy. 1993;6:41–49
  33. Yamasaki S, Okino T, Kan N, et al.  Factors influencing the response and survival of patients with liver metastases from breast cancer receiving OK-432-combined adoptive immunotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1992;118:157–162
  34. Kan N, Yamasaki S, Kodama H, et al.  Bone metastasis as a prognostic factor in breast cancer patients with liver metastasis given OK-432-combined adoptive immunotherapy via the hepatic artery. Biotherapy. 1994;6:245–250
  35. Ferlazzo G, Scisca C, Iemmo R, et al.  Intralesional sonographically guided injections of lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2 for the treatment of liver tumors: A pilot study. J Immunother. 1997;20:158–163
  36. Kasugai H, Kojima J, Tatsuta M, et al.  Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by transcatheter arterial embolization combined with intraarterial infusion of a mixture of cisplatin and ethiodized oil. Gasteroenterology. 1989;97:965–971
  37. Mavligit GM, Charnsangavej C, Carrasco H, et al.  Regression of ocular melanoma metastatic to the liver after hepatic arterial chemoembolization with cisplatin and polyvinyl sponge. JAMA. 1988;260:947–976
  38. Carrasco CH, Charnsangavej C, Ajani J, et al.  The carcinoid syndrome: Palliation by hepatic artery embolization. AJR. 1986;147:149–154
  39. Daniels J, Pentecost M, Teitelbaum G, et al.  Hepatic artery chemoembolization (HAE) for carcinoma of colon using angiostat collagen and cis-platin, mitomycin, and doxorubicin: response, survival, and serum drug levels. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1992;11:171; (abstr)
  40. Mavligit GM, Zukwiski AA, Ellis LM, et al.  Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver. Cancer. 1995;75:2083–2088
  41. Kannai T, Monden M, Sakon M, et al.  New development of transarterial immunoembolization (TIE) for therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma with intrahepatic metastases. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1994;33:S48–S54 (suppl)
  42. Sato T, Terai M, Huandong Y, et al: Systemic immune response after immunoembolization of liver metastasis with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res (in press)
  43. Aoyama T, Sullivan K, Terai M, et al: Immunoembolization of malignant liver tumors with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and ethiodized oil followed by gelatin sponge pledgets. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol (in press)
  44. Rubin J, Galanis E, Pitot HC, et al.  Phase I study of immunotherapy of hepatic metastases of colorectal carcinoma by direct gene transfer of an allogeneic histocompatibility antigen, HLA-B7. Gene Ther. 1997;4:419–425

 Address reprint requests to Takami Sato, MD, Division of Medical Oncology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut St, Suite 312, Philadelphia, PA 19107.

PII: S0093-7754(02)50137-8

doi: 10.1053/sonc.2002.31716

Seminars in Oncology
Volume 29, Issue 2 , Pages 160-167 , April 2002