Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis for the treatment of colorectal cancer

Angiogenesis, the development and proliferation of new blood vessels, is critical for the growth of tumors. The process of new blood vessel formation is under complex control from a variety of pro- and anti-angiogenesis factors. By identifying and understanding these factors, new therapies have been developed to inhibit tumor growth and survival by blocking tumor-related angiogenesis. Recent success with the monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; bevacizumab) in a large, randomized, phase III study has provided a critical proof of principle for this therapeutic area. This review will outline the biology of angiogenesis in colorectal cancer and discuss the current status of angiogenesis inhibition in its treatment.